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WASHINGTON 鈥� President Donald Trump signed an executive order Thursday evening that set new tariffs on a wide swath of U.S. trading partners to go in effect Aug. 7 鈥� the next step in his trade agenda that will test the global economy and sturdiness of American alliances.

It came as the White House announced agreements with various nations and blocs ahead of the president's self-imposed Friday deadline. The tariffs will be implemented at a later date in order for the rates schedule to be harmonized, according to a senior administration official who spoke to reporters on condition of anonymity.

After threatening the African nation of Lesotho with a 50% tariff, the country's goods will be taxed at 15%. Taiwan will have tariffs set at 20%, Pakistan at 19% and Israel, Iceland, Fiji, Ghana, Guyana and Ecuador among the countries with imported goods taxed at 15%.

Trump announced a 50% tariff on goods from Brazil, but the order was only 10% as the other 40% was part of a separate measure Trump approved Wednesday.

The order capped off a hectic Thursday as nations sought to continue negotiating with Trump. It set the rates for 68 countries and the 27-member European Union with a baseline 10% rate to be charged on countries not listed in the order. The senior administration official said the rates were based on trade imbalance with the U.S. and regional economic profiles.

Earlier, after Trump spoke with Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum via phone, the U.S. president said he would enter into a 90-day negotiating period with Mexico, one of the largest U.S. trading partners. The 25% tariff rates will stay in place, down from the 30% he previously threatened.

鈥淲e avoided the tariff increase announced for tomorrow and we got 90 days to build a long-term agreement through dialogue,鈥� Sheinbaum wrote on X after the call that Trump referred to as 鈥渧ery successful鈥� in terms of the leaders getting to know each other better.

鈥淲e have made a few deals today that are excellent deals for the country,鈥� Trump told reporters in the afternoon, without detailing the terms of those agreements or the nations involved. The senior administration official declined to reveal the nations that have new deals during the call with reporters.

Trump said Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney called ahead of 35% tariffs being imposed on many of his nation's goods, but 鈥渨e haven鈥檛 spoken to Canada today.鈥�

Trump's 鈥渞eciprocal鈥� tariffs announced in April resulted in a stock market panic and recession fears, prompting him to impose a 90-day negotiating period. When he was unable to create enough trade deals with other countries, he extended the timeline and sent out letters to world leaders that simply listed rates, prompting a slew of hasty deals.

Trump reached a deal Wednesday with South Korea, and earlier with the EU, Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick said on Fox News Channel's 鈥淗annity鈥� that there were agreements with Cambodia and Thailand after they agreed to a ceasefire in their border conflict.

Wealthy Switzerland and Norway were still uncertain about their tariff rates.

EU officials waited to complete a crucial document outlining how the framework to tax imported autos and other goods from the 27-member state bloc would operate. Trump announced a deal Sunday while he was in Scotland.

Trump said as part of the agreement with Mexico that goods imported into the U.S. would continue to face a 25% tariff that he has ostensibly linked to fentanyl trafficking. He said autos would face a 25% tariff, while copper, aluminum and steel would be taxed at 50% during the negotiating period.

He said Mexico would end its 鈥淣on Tariff Trade Barriers鈥� but didn鈥檛 provide specifics.

Some goods continue to be protected from the tariffs by the 2020 U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or USMCA, which Trump negotiated during his first term.

U.S. Census Bureau figures show the U.S. ran a $171.5 billion trade deficit with Mexico last year, buying more goods from Mexico than it sold to the country.

Meanwhile, appellate court judges expressed skepticism over Trump鈥檚 legal rationale for his most expansive round of tariffs.

Members of the 11-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington appeared unconvinced by the Trump administration鈥檚 insistence that the president could impose tariffs without congressional approval, and hammered its invocation of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to do so.

鈥淚EEPA doesn鈥檛 even mention the word 鈥榯ariffs鈥� anywhere,鈥� Circuit Judge Jimmie Reyna said, a sign of the panel鈥檚 incredulity to a government attorney鈥檚 arguments.

Brett Shumate, the attorney representing the Trump administration, acknowledged in the 99-minute hearing 鈥渘o president has ever read IEEPA this way鈥� but contended it was nonetheless lawful.

The 1977 law, signed by President Jimmy Carter, allows the president to seize assets and block transactions during a national emergency. It was first used during the Iran hostage crisis and since was invoked for a range of global unrest, from the 9/11 attacks to the Syrian civil war.

Trump says the country鈥檚 trade deficit is so serious, it qualifies for the law鈥檚 protection.

Appellate judges questioned that contention, asking whether the law extended to tariffs and, if so, whether the levies matched the threat the administration identified.

Shumate said Congress' passage of IEEPA gave the president 鈥渂road and flexible" power to respond to an emergency, but 鈥渢he president is not asking for unbounded authority.鈥�

An attorney for the plaintiffs, Neal Katyal, characterized Trump's maneuver as a 鈥渂reathtaking鈥� power grab.

No ruling was issued from the bench. Regardless of what decision the judges鈥� deliberations bring, the case is widely expected to reach the U.S. Supreme Court.

In filings the Trump administration insists 鈥渁 national emergency exists鈥� necessitating its trade policy. A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of International Trade, a specialized federal court in New York, was unconvinced, ruling in May that Trump exceeded his powers.